Palliative care is specialised support for people living with a life-limiting illness by easing symptoms, managing pain and improving day-to-day comfort. It also supports families and caregivers by helping them understand what to expect and how to care for their loved one.
Although often associated with end of life, palliative care is available to anyone dealing with a serious or long-term illness, including conditions such as advanced heart disease, lung disease and dementia. The aim is not to speed up or delay the dying process, but to help a person live comfortably for as long as possible.
Types of palliative care
Palliative care can be delivered in a few different settings, depending on a person’s needs and the services available in their area. Each setting offers its own level of support, and some people may move between them as their needs change.
At home
Home-based palliative care allows individuals to stay in a familiar environment while receiving support with symptom management, medications and daily care. Support may come from community palliative care teams, GPs and other health professionals who visit the home.
In a hospital
Hospital-based palliative care may be needed when a person’s condition becomes more complex, symptoms are difficult to manage at home or when medical treatment or surgery is required. In hospital, specialist palliative care staff work alongside the person’s regular treating team and any community palliative care service involved.
In a hospice
Hospices, or inpatient palliative care units, provide care for people who can no longer stay at home. These facilities aim to feel as homely as possible, with family and friends often welcome to visit frequently. The focus is on comfort, symptom control and emotional support.
In aged care
If long-term support is needed, a doctor may recommend moving into a residential aged care home. Staff can help with daily living while also managing end-of-life needs, often working with community palliative care teams for consistent support.
What is the right time for palliative care?
There is no specific time for when a person should begin palliative care. It can be introduced at any stage of a serious illness, not only at the end of life. Many people seek palliative care soon after receiving a significant diagnosis, as early support can help with managing stress and provide guidance for the road ahead.
What are the advantages of palliative care?
Palliative care helps people and their families make clearer decisions about treatment and day-to-day life. Research shows it is linked with:
- Lower levels of depression and anxiety
- Better day-to-day comfort and support for patients and caregivers
- Improved overall quality of life
- Longer life expectancy
Fees and funding in Victoria
Most palliative care services in Victoria are funded by the government, so people with a Medicare card can usually access core palliative care at no cost. This includes support from specialist palliative care teams, nurses and some allied health services. There may still be extra costs for things like medicines, dressings, certain treatments or hiring equipment for home use. Private providers may also charge fees if a person chooses care outside the public system.
Costs vary depending on the support needed, so families are encouraged to speak with their GP, palliative care team or service provider to understand what is covered and what may involve out-of-pocket fees.
What is the difference between palliative care and end-of-life care?
Palliative care is broader and can begin at any stage of a life-limiting illness. It focuses on managing symptoms, reducing stress and supporting practical, emotional and spiritual needs.
End-of-life care is part of palliative care and supports people who are believed to be in the final months of life. The focus becomes centred on comfort, planning and guiding the person and their family through this stage.
